Central Banking
Policy rates set by central banks, and the size of the Federal Reserve's balance sheet — a rough gauge of how much monetary support is still in the system.
Policy Rates
| Country | Policy Rate | Change | Last Changed | As of |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brazil | 13.75% | ▼ -0.250 pp | 2026-09-17 | 2026-10-20 |
| Canada | 2.25% | ▼ -0.250 pp | 2025-10-30 | 2026-10-22 |
| China | 3% | ▼ -0.100 pp | 2025-05-20 | 2026-10-19 |
| Euro Area | 2.5% | ▲ +0.250 pp | 2026-09-16 | 2026-10-23 |
| India | 5.5% | ▲ +0.250 pp | 2026-10-07 | 2026-10-19 |
| Japan | 1.25% | ▲ +0.250 pp | 2026-09-24 | 2026-10-20 |
| United Kingdom | 3.75% | ▼ -0.250 pp | 2025-12-18 | 2026-10-22 |
| United States | 3.875% | ▲ +0.250 pp | 2026-09-17 | 2026-10-25 |
Treasury Yield Curve
As of 2026-10-23 · 10yr–2yr spread:
+0.31 pp
Latest Central Bank Speeches
| 2026-10-21 |
The courage not to act - moving towards a demand-driven operational mode
Speech by Mr Tuomas Välimäki, Board Member of the Bank of Finland, at a Bank of Finland stakeholder event, Helsinki, 14 October 2026.
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| 2026-10-21 |
Closing the gaps - collaboration in the fight against economic crime
Remarks by Mr Colm Kincaid, Deputy Governor of the Bank of Ireland, at the Irish Criminal Justice Agencies Conference 2026, Dublin, 9 October 2026.
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| 2026-10-21 |
Improving cross-border payments in a changing geopolitical landscape
Intervention by Ms Christina Papaconstantinou, Deputy Governor of the Bank of Greece, at a panel “Improving cross-border payments in a changing geopolitical landscape”, at the 10th Conference of Medit…
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| 2026-10-21 |
Euro liquidity lines and the international monetary system
Remarks by Philip R Lane, Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank, at the CF40-Euro50 luncheon “Monetary system beyond the dollar”, Shanghai, 21 October 2026.
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| 2026-10-21 |
Thoughts on several issues of interest to the market
Keynote speech by Mr Pan Gongsheng, Governor of the People's Bank of China, at the Annual Conference of Financial Street Forum 2026, Beijing, 19 October 2026.
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| 2026-10-21 |
Don’t stop thinking about tomorrow - building resilience to climate shocks today
Opening address by Mr Fabio Panetta, Governor of the Bank of Italy, at the Green Swan 2026 Conference, Manila, 19 October 2026.
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| 2026-10-21 |
Islamic finance for impact - the next measure of success
Special address by Mr Abdul Rasheed Ghaffour, Governor of the Central Bank of Malaysia (Bank Negara Malaysia), at the 21st Kuala Lumpur Islamic Finance Forum (KLIFF) 2026, Kuala Lumpur, 20 October 202…
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| 2026-10-21 |
Republican budget for 2027–2029
Speech by Mr Yerulan Zhamaubayev, First Deputy Governor of the National Bank of Kazakhstan, at the Plenary Session of the Kurultai of the Republic of Kazakhstan regarding the draft law "Republican bud…
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| 2026-10-20 |
From climate and nature risks to economic resilience and competitiveness
Keynote speech by Mr Frank Elderson, Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank and Vice-Chair of the Supervisory Board of the European Central Bank, at the Green Swan 2026 Conference,…
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| 2026-10-20 |
IMFC Statement
Statement by Ms Christine Lagarde, President of the European Central Bank, at the fifty-fourth meeting of the International Monetary and Financial Committee, IMF Annual Meetings, Bangkok, 17 October 2…
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Central Bank Balance Sheets
Current size vs. each bank's own all-time high — a rough gauge of how much monetary support is still in the system relative to its historical peak. Currencies aren't converted or compared to each other directly; each bar reflects only that bank's own history.
Assets: Total Assets: Total Assets (Less Eliminations from Consolidation): Wednesday Level
As of 2026-10-21
6,753,604 Millions of U.S. Dollars ·
75.3% of all-time peak
(peak 8,965,487 on 2022-04-13)
Central Bank Assets for Euro Area (11-19 Countries)
As of 2026-10-16
5,935,346 Millions of Euros ·
67.2% of all-time peak
(peak 8,835,987 on 2022-06-24)
Bank of Japan: Total Assets for Japan
As of 2026-09-01
6,250,253 100 Million Yen ·
81.7% of all-time peak
(peak 7,648,115 on 2024-08-01)
Sources: Bank for International Settlements (CBPOL dataset and central bankers' speeches RSS feed), U.S. Department of the Treasury (daily par yield curve), Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED — Fed, ECB, BOJ, and PBOC balance sheet series). "Change" reflects the last actual rate move detected within a 26-week lookback window.